what are the causes effects and prevention of water pollution?

 

It is possible to describe pollution as the emission into the natural environmental system of hazardous substances or pollutants. There are many forms of extreme emissions that are very destructive to our world, most of them caused by human activity. Not only does pollution have harmful effects on humans, but it also harms a number of animals, plants and other living species.  This article discusses in depth the causes, forms, impacts and solutions for water pollution. To the point that it is unusable, the World Health Organisation (WHO) reports that contaminated water is water whose composition has been altered. In other words, poisonous water, which cannot be drank or used for important purposes such as agriculture, is also the source of diseases such as diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid and poliomyelitis, killing more than 500,000 people every year across the world.

Bacteria, bacteria, fungi, fertilisers, pesticides, pharmaceutical products, nitrates, phosphates, chemicals, faecal waste and even radioactive substances are the major water pollutants. The colour of the water does not always change these contaminants, which means that they are also invisible pollutants. That's why, to assess water quality, small quantities of water and aquatic species are tested.

 MAIN CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION

Nature also triggers it, such as when mercury filters from the surface of the Earth, polluting seas, rivers, lakes, canals and reservoirs. It is also caused by nature, such as when mercury filters from the Earth's surface, contaminating oceans, rivers, lakes, canals and reservoirs.

 

1.Global warning:

Water is heated by rising global temperatures caused by CO2 emissions, reducing its oxygen content.                                                                                                                             2.Deforestation:                                                                                                                      Felling forests can exhaust water supplies and create organic residue that is a breeding ground for bacteria that are harmful..                                                                                            

 3.Industry,agriculture and livestock farming :                                                                            One of the key causes of water eutrophication is chemical dumping from certain industries.                        

  4.Rubbish  and faecal water dumping:                                                                                          About 80% of the world's waste makes its way through untreated seas and rivers, the UN states..                                                                                                                                              

 5. Maritime traffic:                                                                                                                      Most of the ocean's plastic waste comes from fishing boats, tankers and shipping cargo.                                              

5. Fuel spillages                                                                                                                             The transport and storage of oil and its derivatives is subject to leaks that contaminate our water supplies.                                                                                                                        

EFFECT OF WATER POLLUTION:                                                                                                   The loss of the quality of water harms the climate, health and the global economy. World Bank President David Malpass warns of the economic effects," water quality is stalling economic growth and exacerbating poverty in many countries” The reason is that the growth in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the regions within the associated water basins drop by a third when biological oxygen demand, the indicator that measures the organic pollution contained in water, reaches a certain threshold.. In addition, here are some of the other consequences:

• Destruction of biodiversity. Water contamination depletes marine environments and causes unbridled phytoplankton proliferation in lakes.
• Contamination of the food chain. Fishing and the use of waste water for livestock farming and agriculture in polluted waters can introduce toxins into foods that are harmful to our health when eaten.
• Lack of potable water. The UN says that billions of people around the world, particularly in rural areas, do not have access to clean water for drinking or sanitation.
• Disease. The WHO reports that about 2 billion individuals have no choice but to drink excrement-contaminated water, exposing them to diseases such as cholera, hepatitis A, and dysentery.
• Infant mortality.  Diarrhoeal diseases linked to lack of hygiene cause the death of around 1,000 children worldwide every day, according to the UN.
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 PREVENTION Of WATER POLLUTION                                                                                                                                                               By 2025, half of the world's population will live in water-scarce regions, so every drop of contaminated water today represents an irreparable loss for tomorrow. That's why we must prevent water pollution with measures like the following:

• Reducing CO2 emissions to stop global warming and ocean acidification.